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NEW QUESTION # 14
The interactive tool that can lead to change by creating an equal partnership between the client and the trainer is called
- A. Appreciative inquiry
- B. Change talk
- C. Motivational interviewing
- D. Generative moments
Answer: D
Explanation:
Motivational interviewing is based on the idea that change occurs when there is an equal partnership between the client and trainer. While you are a training centered relationship. Generative moments are powerful or negative events that have happened to a client that can spur him or her to change. Appreciative inquiry is a technique in which the trainer asks positive and powerful questions to help the client visualize potential possibilities. Change talk involves language spoken by a client about his or her desire and ability to change their behavior.
NEW QUESTION # 15
How much weight loss is appropriate for an obese individual with a BMI greater than 30?
- A. 2 kg a week
- B. 4 kg a week
- C. 1 kg a week
- D. 3 kg a week
Answer: C
Explanation:
People who are obese have a BMI greater than or equal to 30. These individuals are at a high risk of cardiac problems, certain types of cancers, and diabetes. Among other areas, training programs can focus on weight loss, promoting appetite control, and lowering the risk of associated medical issues. Weight loss should be gradual-not more than 1 kg per week Aerobic training sessions five to seven times a week lasting 45-60 minutes per session may be helpful.
NEW QUESTION # 16
The body recruits type I muscle fibers for activities of
- A. none of the above
- B. short duration and high intensity
- C. long duration and low intensity
- D. long duration and high intensity
Answer: C
Explanation:
The body has two types of muscle fibers: type I and type II. Together, these muscle fibers can do all types of tasks. However, the body recruits each type during different activities or specific times of an activity, depending on the type and duration of motion required. Type I muscle fibers, also called slow-twitch fibers, are used for activities of long duration and low intensity, such as those involving endurance. In contrast, type II muscle fibers are employed for high-speed, high- power tasks. These muscle fibers are capable of generating force more quickly than type I muscle fibers.
NEW QUESTION # 17
What food information is NOT present on a food label?
- A. amount of caffeine in a serving
- B. amount of cholesterol in a serving
- C. amount of calories in a serving
- D. amount of protein in a serving
Answer: D
Explanation:
Labeling on food packages is helpful in determining a number of characteristics of a food, including the ingredients, serving size, and nutrients present in the food. Food label information is based on a 2,000 calorie diet. It provides the percent daily value for the amount of fats, cholesterol, sodium, potassium, carbohydrates, and protein present in a serving size. While caffeine will be listed as an ingredient if it is present in the food, the specific amount of caffeine will not be listed.
NEW QUESTION # 18
Normal systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements (in mm Hg) include which of the following?
- A. Systolic 140, diastolic 85
- B. Systolic 110, diastolic 85
- C. Systolic 110, diastolic 75
- D. Systolic 130, diastolic 70
Answer: C
Explanation:
Normal blood pressure is classified as a systolic pressure of less than 120 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure of less than 80 mm Hg. If either the systolic or diastolic pressures are elevated on multiple occasions, an individual,s blood pressure is considered to be high.
NEW QUESTION # 19
A deficiency of which vitamin can lead to difficulty seeing at night and an increased susceptibility to infections?
- A. vitamin B1
- B. vitamin B3
- C. vitamin E
- D. vitamin A
Answer: C
Explanation:
Vitamin A known as retinol, is found in foods such as fish liver oils, butter, and egg yolks. It is critical for red blood cell and embryo development and normal functioning of the eyes, the immune system, and the skin. Vitamin Bt is also called thiamin. A deficiency of this vitamin can lead to beriberi. Symptoms of beriberi can include cardiovascular problems, peripheral neuropathy, and cognitive and psychiatric problems. Vitamin B; is also known as niacin: a deficiency of this vitamin can cause a disease called pellagra. Pellagra can cause a skin rash, gastrointestinal symptoms, or cognitive difficulties. If untreated, it can also lead to death. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that augments the immune system. It can help prevent cell membranes from being destroyed by harmful free radicals.
NEW QUESTION # 20
Active listening, building rapport, and showing understanding of a client,s situation are all components of
- A. Extrinsic motivation
- B. Client-centered techniques
- C. Nonverbal communication
- D. Intrinsic motivation
Answer: D
Explanation:
Client-centered techniques include asking open-ended questions, listening actively, and frequently clarifying what the client says. These can all contribute to building rapport and a strong relationship with a client. Nonverbal communication is that which is expressed and received via nonverbal cues, such as facial expressions, gestures, and the presence or absence of eye contact. Intrinsic motivation is the motivation for change that comes from within. For example, a person may want to lose weight to feel proud or to feel like he can achieve a goal When people are extrinsically motivated, they are motivated to achieve a goal because of an external factor. For example, someone might want to lose weight to fit into a wedding dress.
NEW QUESTION # 21
Leg raises are an example of
- A. Hip abduction
- B. Knee flexion
- C. Hip flexion
- D. Hip extension
Answer: C
Explanation:
Leg raises are one type of exercise that works the hip flexor muscles. These muscles include the iliopsoas, rectus femoris, sartorius, and pectineus. Exercises for hip extension include squats or leg presses. Hip extensor muscles are the hamstrings and the gluteus maximus. Hip abduction exercises can be done with an exercise machine. Muscles involved with hip abduction include the tensor fascia latae, sartorius, and gluteus minimus and medius. Leg curl exercises involve knee flexion. Muscles involved with flexion of the knee are the hamstrings, gracilis, and popliteus.
NEW QUESTION # 22
Which function does the autonomic nervous system NOT regulate?
- A. Breathing
- B. Digestion
- C. Running
- D. Secretion of hormones
Answer: C
Explanation:
The central nervous system is comprised of the brain and the spinal cord and is responsible for receiving. analyzing interpreting. and acting on sensory information. The central nervous system is comprised of the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system is responsible for functions such as respiration, digestion, making hormones, and maintaining heart rate. The autonomic nervous system can be subdivided into the sympathetic nervous system, which is activated when the body is "stressed" and causes an increase in heart rate and respiratory rate and the parasympathetic nervous system, which is "in control" when the stressful stimulus is no longer present.
NEW QUESTION # 23
The hip joint is what type of joint?
- A. Ball-and-socket joint
- B. Pivot joint
- C. Cartilaginous joint
- D. Hinge joint
Answer: A
Explanation:
The hip joint as well as the shoulder joint can move in all directions. They are ball-and-socket joints. A hinge joint can only move in one plane, such as with knee flexion and extension. A cartilaginous joint is a strong joint that is very slightly movable, such as intervertebral joints. A pivot joint is a joint in one plane that permits rotation, such as the humeroradial joint.
NEW QUESTION # 24
Older adults should engage in an aerobic exercise program that provides which of the following?
- A. 30 minutes, 5 days a week of moderate intensity aerobic activity
- B. 20 minutes, 5 days a week of vigorous intensity aerobic activity
- C. 25 minutes, 3 days a week of mild intensity aerobic activity
- D. 30 minutes, 3 days a week of moderate intensity aerobic activity
Answer: B
Explanation:
If their medical issues allow it, individuals over the age of 65 can and should participate in exercise training programs. Aerobic, or cardiorespiratory, exercise can decrease morbidity and mortality rates in older individuals. The recommendations are for older individuals to engage in moderate intensity aerobic activity for 30 minutes, 5 days a week (150 minutes total), or to engage in vigorous intensity aerobic activity for 25 minutes, 3 days a week (75 minutes total). People can also do a combination of both.
NEW QUESTION # 25
All of the following are true of intermittent claudication EXCEPT
- A. Symptoms associated with intermittent claudication are reproducible.
- B. People with diabetes have a greater risk of having intermittent claudication.
- C. Intermittent claudication usually goes away within 10 minutes of stopping an exercise.
- D. Intermittent claudication does not usually occur when a client stands or sits.
Answer: B
Explanation:
When an individual has intermittent claudicatiox he or she develop pain in a specific area with exercise due to inadequate blood flow to that specific muscle. This pain can be reproduced from day to day. It usually does not occur when a client is sitting or standing. People with coronary artery disease or diabetes are prone to developing intermittent claudication. However, once the exercise that precipitated the pain has stopped, the pain should go away within one to two minutes.
NEW QUESTION # 26
All of the following classes of nutrients provide sources of energy EXCEPT
- A. vitamins
- B. fats
- C. proteins
- D. carbohydrates
Answer: A
Explanation:
Carbon is critical for the energy, production process. Proteins, fats, and carbohydrates-which are all sources of carbon-contribute to a number of functions in the body. They help provide energy so that muscles, nerves, and metabolic processes work normally. Energy, is measured in calories (cal) or kilocalories (kcal). When individuals exercise, they can ,turn" energy,, more quickly. Vitamins and minerals are critical for providing essential nutrients that the body needs to maintain normal function: however, they are not a source of energy.
NEW QUESTION # 27
An individual weighs 80 kg and is I. 75 meters tall. What range does his BMI fall into?
- A. Obese class I
- B. Normal
- C. Overweight
- D. Obese class II
Answer: B
Explanation:
BMI stands for body mass index and it can be calculated by dividing an individual,s weight by height squared. In this example, BMI = 80 kg / (1.75 m)2. This results in a BMI of 26.1. BMI values fall into a range. The normal range is 18.5-24.9. The overweight range is 25-29.9. The obese class I range is 30-34.9. The obese class II range is 35-39.9.
NEW QUESTION # 28
An example of a substitution behavioral change that you might suggest to a client is
- A. "Put your running shoes right by your bed so you are motivated to run first thing in the morning."
- B. "Take the stairs instead of the elevator at work"
- C. "If you reach this goal we set up, you can have a reward of your choosing."
- D. "Call your best friend to walk with you every day."
Answer: A
Explanation:
There are a number of strategies trainers can employ in order to effect behavior change in a client. Substitution or counterconditioning involves substituting healthy behaviors for unhealthy behaviors. Answer A is an example of social support. Answer C is an example of a reward or reinforcement system. Answer D is an example of environmental control, which is a cue that can precipitate healthy behavior.
NEW QUESTION # 29
Which of these muscles is not part of the Rotator cuff?
- A. Teres minor
- B. Infraspinatus
- C. Supraspinatus
- D. Teres major
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Supraspinatus is an abductor of the arm. The Infraspinatus and Teres minor are both external rotators. The Subscapularis is the missing muscle of the rotator cuff.
NEW QUESTION # 30
Goals that a trainer helps a client set should be all of the following EXCEPT
- A. Broadly defined
- B. Action-based
- C. Measurable
- D. Time-limited
Answer: B
Explanation:
Goals that are most helpful are those that are specific, very well defined, able to be measured, realistic, and have a time constraint on them. The actions a client needs to take should be specifically defined. For example, a goal may be that a client will walk on his treadmill at a pace of 3 mph for 30 minutes on Monday through Friday before going to work.
NEW QUESTION # 31
An effective cardiorespiratory training program session should include all of these basic components EXCEPT
- A. Endurance phase
- B. Cool-down phase
- C. Warm-up phase
- D. Power phase
Answer: C
Explanation:
A training program needs to balance many different variables in order to be effective. A trainer needs to take a clients goals, daily routines, and preferences into account to create a routine that will be followed. Each training session should include a warm-up phase, a workout or endurance phase, and then a cool-down phase.
NEW QUESTION # 32
A client in the precontemplation stage of behavior might think to himself:
- A. "I am so proud I lost weight!"
- B. "I have a plan to lose weight."
- C. "I just can,t lose weight."
- D. "I am really thinking about how to lose weight."
Answer: B
Explanation:
There are five stages of behavioral change. Listed in order of unwilling to change to readiness to change, they are precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. People in precontemplation often say, "I can,t" or "I won,t" about being able to change. People in the contemplation stage often say, "I just may change" or "I,m thinking about it." People in the preparation stage have actively decided to take action at some point soon. In the action stage, a person has decided to implement a consistent change, but has been implementing the new behavior for less than six months. If a person has consistently implemented a change for more than six months, he or she is in the maintenance stage.
NEW QUESTION # 33
All of the following are benefits of increased flexibility EXCEPT
- A. Increased range of motion
- B. Improved circulation
- C. Improved coordination
- D. Increased chance of muscle injury
Answer: D
Explanation:
Flexibility training has a number of benefits, including increased circulation, increased range of motion, improved muscle coordination, and decreased future chance of muscle injury.
NEW QUESTION # 34
When working with a trainer, an individual lifts a 10-pound weight straight over her head through a distance of 2.5 feet. How much linear work has been generated?
- A. 50 pound-feet
- B. 25 pound-feet
- C. 4 pound-feet
- D. 7.5 pound-feet
Answer: B
Explanation:
Multiplying the force times the distance through which the force travels will result in the linear work generated. Ten times 2.5 equals 25.
NEW QUESTION # 35
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